FABRICATION AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ALGINATE-COFFEE BIOFILM FOR WOUND HEALING APPLICATION

Noor Athirah Aida  Noor Rizan@Noor Jehan; Hasan Zuhudi Abdullah; Maizlinda Izwana  Idris

Noor Athirah Aida Noor Rizan@Noor Jehan Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, 86400 Parit Raja, Johor, Malaysia.
Hasan Zuhudi Abdullah Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, 86400 Parit Raja, Johor, Malaysia.
Maizlinda Izwana Idris Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia.

Keywords: Alginate, coffee, biofilms, physicochemical characteristics, wound healing

Abstract

Alginate is extracted from seaweed with a gel-forming abilities was used to combined with coffee’s bioactive compounds to enhance its potential that could be useful for biomedical applications. To achieve the desired mechanical strength, stability of biofilms and overcome the issue of sustainability, the alginate/coffee biofilms were fabricated, by sodium alginate diluting in distilled water at percentage 1w/v and ground coffee Robusta was added to that solution at weights of 0.1 g, followed with the solution casting process and cross-linked with different time with calcium chloride solution at a concentration of 0.1 M. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis shows alginate/coffee biofilm of coffee weight 0.1 g, resting for 1 hour before crosslinking have the formation of loose-packed crystal structure. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy result showed compositional outcome are O, Na, Cl and Ca at the Alginate/coffee biofilm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis of alginate/coffee biofilm of coffee weight 0.1 g, resting for 1 hour before crosslinking verifies the appearance of absorption band at a wavenumber of 3264.95 cm^-1, 1597.90 cm^-1 and 1023.07 cm^-1 indicate the presence of functional group of alginate and coffee. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed surface roughness of alginate/coffee biofilm of coffee weight 0.1g with resting time 1 hour before crosslinked was 124.155 nm, respectively. It was found the rougher the surface enhances the adhesiveness properties of the film to the wound site. Hydrophilicity properties were determined by contact angle testing to show it is suitable for absorbing any liquid from the open wound. Alginate/coffee biofilm samples showed hydrophilicity properties as the contact angle was less than 90 degrees. This study offers insight the suitability of the chosen material for biomedical application in the wound healing process.